Instrumentation

The COD Analyzer with Digester is a state-of-the-art instrument designed for the accurate measurement of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in water samples. This device integrates a high-performance digester, ensuring reliable digestion of samples before analysis.

Key Features:

• High Precision: Equipped with advanced sensors and technology for accurate COD measurement, ensuring reliable results.
• Integrated Digestion: The built-in digester simplifies the process, allowing for efficient sample preparation without the need for separate equipment.
• User-Friendly Interface: Features a large LCD display and intuitive controls for easy operation and quick data access.
• Versatile Applications: Ideal for environmental monitoring, wastewater treatment facilities, and research laboratories.
• Data Logging: Capable of storing multiple test results, making it easy to track and analyze trends over time.
• Durable Construction: Designed to withstand harsh laboratory environments, ensuring long-lasting performance.

• Parameter Measured : Pressure.
• Measurement System : A. Bourden Tube C Type Coupled With Lvdt
• B. Transducer With Electronic Instrumentation.
• Transducer : Bourden Tube C Type With Lvdt Coupled To It.
• Type : C Type Bourden Tube And Spring Loaded Core Type Lvdt.
• Measurement Range : 0 To 10 Kg.
• Actual Pressure Displayed : On Pressure Guage Fitted In A Chamber.
• Circuit : Ac Excitations Source, Phase Detector & Digital Display.

Salient Features:

• Complete, Self-contained Unit: Designed as a standalone system, ready for direct use without external components, perfect for educational and demonstration purposes.

• Operation and Control of Stepper Motors: Demonstrates principles of stepper motor operation, control techniques, and step sequencing.

• Comprehensive Control Circuitry: Equipped with circuitry for various control options such as:

  • Pulse Generator: Generates pulses to drive motor steps.
  • Step Mode Selection: Supports full-step, half-step, and micro-step modes for detailed demonstration.
  • Direction Control: Allows forward and reverse operation for versatile control.

• Test Points for Observation: Includes multiple test points throughout the circuit, allowing for voltage and waveform observation at different stages.

• User-friendly Front Panel: A well-organized front panel layout with clear labeling for easy access to controls and test points.

• Elegant and Durable Housing: Sturdy cabinet design with a compact form factor, ensuring durability and ease of transportation.

• Hands-on Learning Experience: Ideal for understanding stepper motor applications, control, and interfacing with other systems.

• Comprehensive User Manual: Accompanied by a detailed manual with theoretical background, operating instructions, and troubleshooting tips.

The Rectifiers and Filters Trainer Kit is an essential educational tool designed to help students and electronics enthusiasts understand and experiment with rectification and filtering techniques used in AC to DC conversion. This kit is perfect for labs and training environments, enabling hands-on experience with rectifier circuits and filter configurations to observe and analyze the effects on waveform signals.

1. Comprehensive Learning Tool: Ideal for learning the principles of rectification and filtering, including half-wave, full-wave, and bridge rectifiers.
2. Multiple Rectifier Configurations: Equipped with half-wave, full-wave, and bridge rectifier modules, allowing students to compare different rectification techniques.
3. Filtering Options: Includes capacitive and inductive filters to demonstrate their effects on rectified signals, reducing ripples and stabilizing the DC output.
4. Built-in AC Input and Variable Load: The kit includes an integrated AC source and adjustable load resistors, making it easy to observe changes in output under varying conditions.
5. Measurement Points: Clearly marked test points for easy monitoring of input and output waveforms, suitable for use with oscilloscopes and multimeters.
6. Safety Features: Built with protection circuits to prevent damage due to incorrect connections or overloads.
7. Portable and Durable: Compact and rugged design ensures durability, making it suitable for classroom or lab use.

• Input Voltage: Typically supports 220V or 110V AC input (model-dependent)
• Output Voltage: Variable DC output, dependent on the rectifier and filter setup
• Rectifier Types: Half-wave, Full-wave, and Bridge
• Filter Types: Capacitor and Inductor filters
• Dimensions: Compact, lightweight design for easy portability
• Compatibility: Works with standard lab equipment, including oscilloscopes and multimeters

The Rectifiers and Filters Trainer Kit is ideal for courses in electronics, electrical engineering, and physics, providing students with an immersive experience in AC to DC conversion. By adjusting different rectifiers and filters, students can visualize the impact of circuit design on signal purity and DC stability. This hands-on learning approach enhances theoretical concepts with practical, observable results.

Leveraging by the in-depth knowledge of this domain, we have been able to offer our patrons with the best quality of Bridge Inverter Using IGBT Training Kit. To study or demonstrate the working of transistorized bridge inverter, the offered training kit is used. The offered training kit is available with us at cost effective prices.

Features:

• Compact design
• Robust construction
• Longer serving life

• Input: 230V, 50Hz AC rectified to 300V DC.
• Output: 230V AC.
• Output Frequency: Variable from 30 Hz-100Hz.
• Circuitry: It consists of 230V 1φ rectified with filter, PWM generation circuit power
• Circuit using 4 IGBT’s and over curcuit & PWM generation circuit.
• Power Circuit: Using 4 IGBT’s

• Resistive (Lamp Load).
• Inductive (Inductor Load).

SALIENT FEATURES :

* Completely self – contained stand – alone unit.

* Demonstrates the principle and working of a Flasher using SCR.

* Supply required 230V, 50Hz AC.

* Built – in IC based DC regulated power supply with short circuit protection.

* UJT as oscillator with variable triggering pulses.

* Flashing time adjustable.

* Lamp load provided on panel.

* Test points provided on panel at various stages in the circuit to observe the waveforms and voltages.

* Set of required number of patch cords.

* Housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout engraved on the front panel.

* Strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory and operating details.

The Communication Lab Apparatus is a versatile training platform designed for hands-on learning in analog and digital communication systems. Ideal for students, instructors, and professionals, it provides practical experience with core communication principles, such as modulation, demodulation, signal processing, and data transmission. This apparatus includes a variety of modules and components for building and analyzing communication circuits, making it ideal for educational institutions and technical training centers.

Key Features:

1. Modular Communication Modules: Includes modules for AM, FM, PM (amplitude, frequency, and phase modulation), and digital modules like ASK, FSK, PSK, and QPSK, covering analog and digital fundamentals.

2. Signal Generation and Analysis: Features built-in function generators for various signal waveforms and frequencies, along with oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer capabilities for signal visualization and analysis.

3. Real-Time Modulation and Demodulation: Enables experimentation with modulation and demodulation, helping users understand the full communication process.

4. Noise and Filter Control: Modules for adding noise and filters allow users to study interference effects and noise reduction on signal quality.

5. Analog and Digital Communication Components: Offers components for both analog (e.g., AM/FM) and digital (e.g., ASK/FSK) signals, making it adaptable for diverse communication protocols.

6. Adjustable Controls: Labeled knobs, switches, and connectors for easy adjustments let users explore configurations and customize experiments.

7. LED Indicators and Digital Displays: LED indicators and digital displays provide real-time data on signal levels, modulation, and other parameters, facilitating monitoring and understanding of circuit behavior.

8. Safe and Durable: Constructed with robust materials, overload protection, and safe-to-handle components, it is suitable for repeated use in educational labs.

Applications:

• Educational Institutions: Essential for universities, colleges, and technical schools offering communication systems, electronics, and signal processing courses.
• Technical Training Centers: Ideal for vocational programs focused on real-world communication systems.
• Research Labs: Useful for experimenting with various communication methods and signal processing.

Learning Outcomes:

1. Modulation Techniques: Hands-on experience with AM, FM, PM, and digital modulation, understanding principles and applications.
2. Signal Processing: Learn signal processing techniques, including noise analysis, filtering, and amplification.
3. Transmission and Reception: Study signal transmission and reception, including interference and degradation.
4. Error Analysis and Correction: Understand error detection, noise impact, and correction, vital for data integrity in communication systems.

Specifications:

• Power Supply: Typically 5V or 12V DC
• Function Generator: Adjustable frequency range, 1 Hz to 1 MHz
• Display: Digital readout for signal parameters
• Communication Modules: AM, FM, PM, ASK, FSK, PSK, QPSK
• Additional Features: Noise generator, adjustable filters, signal mixer
• Size: Compact, modular structure for easy storage and transport

Linear Circuit Trainers are specialized educational tools designed to teach the principles of linear circuit analysis and design. These hands-on trainers provide students and professionals with a practical understanding of linear components such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, as well as various circuit configurations and analysis techniques. Ideal for academic institutions and training centers, Linear Circuit Trainers facilitate interactive learning and experimentation in electronics.

1. Comprehensive Circuit Modules:

   • Includes a variety of circuit configurations, such as series, parallel, and combination circuits, allowing for in-depth study of voltage, current, and resistance.
   • Supports the analysis of linear circuits using fundamental laws like Ohm’s Law, Kirchhoff’s Voltage and Current Laws (KVL and KCL), and Thevenin’s and Norton’s Theorems.

2. Integrated Measurement Tools:

   • Equipped with digital multimeters, oscilloscopes, and other measuring instruments to monitor voltage, current, and resistance in real-time.
   • Facilitates accurate measurement and analysis of circuit behavior, enhancing understanding of linear components.

3. User-Friendly Interface:

   • Designed with intuitive controls and displays, making it easy for users to configure circuits and observe outcomes.
   • Many trainers feature touchscreens or graphical displays for enhanced user interaction and data visualization.

4. Replaceable Components:

   • Includes a range of replaceable linear components such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, allowing students to experiment with different values and configurations.
   • Supports modular learning, where students can build and test various circuit designs.

5. Data Acquisition and Analysis Software:

   • Some models come with software that allows for data logging, simulation, and analysis of circuit performance, providing insights into real-world applications.
   • Enables students to visualize circuit responses and understand the impact of changing parameters.

6. Safety Features:

   • Built with safety mechanisms to protect users during experimentation, including overload protection and safe touchpoints.

• Engineering Education: Ideal for university-level courses in electrical and electronic engineering, providing hands-on experience with linear circuit theory.
• Vocational Training: Useful in technical colleges and training programs, helping students develop practical skills in electronics and circuit design.
• Research and Development: Supports R&D activities by allowing engineers to prototype and test linear circuit designs in a controlled environment.

• Hands-On Learning: Engages students through practical experiments, reinforcing theoretical knowledge with real-world applications.
• Enhanced Understanding: Visualizing circuit behavior helps students grasp complex concepts related to linear circuits and their components.
• Flexible Learning Environment: Allows for a range of experiments and circuit configurations, catering to different learning styles and educational needs.
• Critical Thinking Skills: Encourages problem-solving and analytical thinking as students design, test, and troubleshoot circuits.

Salient Features:

• Self-contained and Stand-alone: A complete unit, requiring no external components, ideal for standalone operation.

• Demonstrates Firing Circuit Principles: Allows study of firing circuit operation using:

  • Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp)
  • Digital Gates

• Power Requirements: Operates on a standard 230V, 50 Hz AC supply.

• Comprehensive Triggering Circuit: Includes elements like Zero Crossing Detector (ZCD), Integrator, Level Shifter, Comparator, Logic Circuits, and Pulse Amplifier for precise control.

• Reference Comparison and Phase Control: Allows adjustment and phase control comparison using a reference potentiometer, demonstrating phase control effects on a connected lamp.

• Waveform and Voltage Testing: Multiple test points throughout the circuit enable observation of voltages and waveforms at various stages.

• Patch Cords Provided: Includes a set of required patch cords for easy connection and testing.

• Elegant and Durable Design: Compact, stylish cabinet with an intelligently laid-out front panel circuit, making the unit easy to use and visually organized.

• Comprehensive User Manual: Detailed operating manual with theory, setup, and step-by-step operation guidelines for a clear understanding of firing circuit principles.

The Basic Electronics Trainer is an educational tool designed for students, hobbyists, and professionals learning the fundamentals of electronics. It provides a hands-on, interactive platform to explore, design, and test basic electronic circuits in a safe and controlled environment. With a variety of built-in components, modules, and connection points, it serves as an ideal tool for understanding electronics concepts through practical experience.

Key Features:

1. Comprehensive Component Kit: Equipped with essential components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, LEDs, switches, and more, allowing for a wide range of circuit-building exercises.

2. Built-In Power Supply: Includes a variable DC power supply with adjustable voltage and current settings, enabling users to power circuits directly from the trainer without external equipment.

3. Breadboard Integration: Features a built-in or removable breadboard, providing a large working area for constructing and modifying circuits without soldering, making it reusable for endless experimentation.

4. Safety Features: Overload protection, short-circuit protection, and insulated components ensure safe handling for beginners.

5. Multifunctional Display: Some models include an LCD display to monitor voltage, current, and resistance, helping users measure and troubleshoot circuits in real time.

6. Signal Generators: Offers waveform generators or signal sources to help users experiment with AC and DC signals, testing circuit responses.

7. Modular Layout: Organized layout with labeled connection points, making it easy to learn about each component and its role within a circuit.

8. Portable and Durable Design: Compact and lightweight, with a robust casing to withstand frequent handling, ideal for classroom or lab settings.

Applications:

• Educational Labs: Perfect for high schools, vocational training centers, and universities offering electronics courses.
• Self-Study for Hobbyists: Great for individuals who want to learn electronics basics at home.
• Technical Training: Useful in technical and engineering training programs where foundational knowledge of electronics is essential.

Specifications:

• Power Supply: Variable DC, typically 0-12V, 0-1A
• Display: LCD (varies by model), shows voltage, current, resistance
• Components Included: Resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, LEDs, and more
• Signal Generator: 1 Hz to 1 MHz (varies by model)
• Protection: Overload and short-circuit protection

The Make V-Tech Process Control Simulator offers a modern solution for process control simulation with high-quality manufacturing supported by advanced machinery and the latest technology. Known for its compact design, robust construction, and user-friendly operation, this simulator is popular for a variety of industrial and educational applications.

• User-friendly Operation: Easy for operators to navigate and manage.
• Compact Design: Streamlined for efficient space usage.
• Robust Construction: Durable build for longevity and reliability.

• Input and Output Range: 10V at all points.
• Frequency Response: Flat up to 10 kHz across all basic amplifier configurations.
• Resistive Load Requirement: Minimum of 5 kW for full-range output.
• Short Circuit Protection: All outputs are protected from short circuits.

• DC Voltage Range: 0 to 2.5V.
• Waveforms: Square and sine wave options available.
• Frequency:
  • Slow Mode: 0.02 Hz to 10 Hz.
  • Fast Mode: 0.2 Hz to 100 Hz.
• Amplitude: Adjustable from 0 to 5 Vpp.
• Single Step Input: Fixed at 2.5V.

• Set Value Range: 0 to 10V.
• Integral Time (Ti):
  • Slow Mode: 25 seconds to 500 milliseconds (0.04 to 2 repeats per second).
  • Fast Mode: 250 milliseconds to 5 milliseconds (4 to 200 repeats per second).
• Derivative Time (Td):
  • Slow Mode: 0 to 2 seconds.
  • Fast Mode: 0 to 20 milliseconds.
• Proportional Band (P): Adjustable from 200% to 4%, with a gain constant ranging from 0.5 to 25.

Instrumentation Parts encompass a range of precision devices designed to measure, control, and monitor key variables within industrial, scientific, and engineering environments. Essential for maintaining accuracy, efficiency, and safety, these components are used to collect real-time data and facilitate automated control across various applications. Suitable for sectors like manufacturing, oil and gas, power generation, and environmental monitoring, Instrumentation Parts provide reliable performance in demanding conditions.

1. Sensors and Transducers:

   • Temperature Sensors: Thermocouples, RTDs, and infrared sensors designed to provide precise temperature measurements.
   • Pressure Sensors: Strain gauges and piezoelectric sensors that measure pressure changes in systems to ensure safe operating conditions.
   • Flow Meters: Includes ultrasonic, electromagnetic, and turbine flow meters for accurate monitoring of fluid flow in pipes.
   • Level Sensors: Ultrasonic, radar, and capacitive sensors to detect and control liquid or solid levels in tanks and containers.

2. Transmitters:

   • These convert sensor data into standard signals (e.g., 4-20 mA) for easy integration with control systems. Common types include temperature, pressure, and level transmitters, known for their accuracy over long distances.

3. Controllers:

   • Automated control devices like Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) and Distributed Control Systems (DCS), designed to interpret sensor data and regulate processes in real time.

4. Actuators:

   • Components such as electric and pneumatic actuators that perform physical actions—like adjusting a valve or starting a pump—based on control system commands.

5. Analyzers:

   • Specialized instruments for real-time analysis of parameters such as gas composition, pH, and chemical concentrations, critical for quality control and compliance.

6. Recorders and Indicators:

   • Devices to display, log, and track measurements over time, essential for monitoring and historical analysis of process variables.

7. Calibration Instruments:

   • Tools designed to calibrate and ensure the accuracy of other instrumentation components, ensuring consistent and reliable measurements.

• Enhanced Process Efficiency: Instrumentation Parts enable automated control, improving the consistency and speed of processes.
• Accurate Data Collection: Real-time measurements aid in maintaining product quality, resource optimization, and troubleshooting.
• Safety and Compliance: These parts are essential for detecting and responding to potentially hazardous conditions, keeping operations within safe parameters.
• Versatile Applications: Suitable for use in a variety of industrial processes, from oil refineries and power plants to pharmaceutical production and environmental monitoring.

• Industrial Automation and Process Control
• Quality Control and Assurance
• Environmental Monitoring
• Safety Management and Compliance

Instrumentation Parts are integral to reliable and efficient operations in any automated or monitored system, enabling high performance and safety across industrial environments.

Digital Electronics refers to the branch of electronics that deals with digital signals and the design of digital circuits. It is a foundational area in electrical engineering and computer science, focusing on the use of discrete values (0 and 1) to represent information. This product description outlines key features, applications, and learning outcomes associated with Digital Electronics systems and training kits.

Key Features:

1. Core Principles: Digital Electronics is based on binary systems, logic gates, and Boolean algebra, providing the framework for designing and analyzing digital circuits.

2. Logic Gates: Utilize basic building blocks such as AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR gates to create complex circuits. These gates are essential for performing logical operations and form the basis for more advanced circuit designs.

3. Combinational and Sequential Circuits: Study various types of circuits, including combinational circuits (like adders and multiplexers) and sequential circuits (like flip-flops, counters, and registers), to understand how data is processed and stored.

4. Analog to Digital Conversion: Learn about the techniques used to convert analog signals into digital format, enabling the use of digital electronics in real-world applications.

5. Microcontrollers and Microprocessors: Explore the role of microcontrollers and microprocessors in digital systems, understanding how they process digital signals and execute instructions.

6. Simulation Tools: Utilize software simulation tools to model and analyze digital circuits, allowing for experimentation without the need for physical components.

7. Hands-On Training Kits: Digital Electronics training kits provide a practical platform for assembling, testing, and troubleshooting digital circuits, reinforcing theoretical concepts with real-world applications.

Applications:

• Consumer Electronics: Used in devices such as computers, smartphones, tablets, and digital cameras.
• Communication Systems: Fundamental in the design of digital communication systems, including routers, switches, and modulation/demodulation devices.
• Automated Control Systems: Essential for industrial automation, robotics, and control systems that require precision and reliability.
• Embedded Systems: Forms the basis for embedded systems used in automotive, medical, and home automation applications.

Learning Outcomes:

1. Understanding Digital Logic: Acquire knowledge of digital logic principles, including the design and analysis of logic circuits using various types of gates.
2. Circuit Design Skills: Develop skills in designing, building, and testing digital circuits, emphasizing combinational and sequential logic design.
3. Signal Processing: Gain insight into how digital signals are processed, including concepts of signal integrity and timing analysis.
4. Real-World Applications: Apply theoretical concepts to practical scenarios, preparing learners for challenges in digital electronics and embedded system design.

Specifications of Training Kits:

• Components Included: Various logic gates, flip-flops, multiplexers, and other essential digital components for circuit assembly.
• Measurement Instruments: Training kits often include digital multimeters, oscilloscopes, and other tools for analyzing circuit performance.
• User-Friendly Interface: Clearly labeled components and connection points make the learning process accessible for users at all levels.

The Basic Digital Electronics Kit is an educational platform designed to introduce learners to the foundational concepts of digital electronics. This kit is ideal for students, hobbyists, and entry-level professionals seeking hands-on experience in building and understanding digital circuits. It provides a comprehensive range of essential components and tools to explore key concepts such as logic gates, Boolean algebra, binary arithmetic, and simple combinational and sequential circuits.

Key Features:

1. Essential Digital Components: Includes a variety of basic components like logic gates (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR), flip-flops, counters, and shift registers, allowing users to build foundational digital circuits.

2. Breadboard or Patch Panel: Comes with a solderless breadboard or patch panel, providing a flexible workspace for building circuits without permanent connections, ideal for experimentation and reusability.

3. Built-In Power Supply: Integrated with a low-voltage DC power supply, typically 5V, suited for powering digital circuits safely without the need for external power sources.

4. Clock Pulse Generator: Features an adjustable clock pulse generator to provide clock signals essential for working with sequential circuits and timing functions.

5. LED Indicators and Seven-Segment Displays: LED indicators and optional seven-segment displays help visualize outputs, making it easier to understand circuit functionality.

6. Switches and Input Mechanisms: Equipped with toggle switches and push-buttons, allowing users to provide inputs and control circuit operations in real time.

7. User-Friendly and Modular Design: Components are labeled and organized for easy identification, and modular layout enables users to connect, disconnect, and modify circuits with ease.

8. Compact and Portable: Lightweight and durable, the kit is easy to transport, ideal for both classroom and home use.

Applications:

• Educational Institutions: Perfect for high schools, colleges, and universities teaching introductory courses in digital electronics and electrical engineering.
• Self-Study for Hobbyists: Ideal for individuals looking to gain a basic understanding of digital circuits at home.
• Technical Training Programs: Useful in vocational training programs that focus on foundational digital electronics skills.

Learning Outcomes:

1. Logic Gates and Boolean Algebra: Hands-on practice with fundamental logic operations and their real-world applications.
2. Combinational Circuits: Create and understand simple combinational circuits such as adders, multiplexers, and decoders.
3. Sequential Circuits: Explore flip-flops, counters, and registers to learn about memory elements in digital circuits.
4. Binary Arithmetic: Understand binary numbers, addition, subtraction, and other basic operations crucial in digital electronics.

Specifications:

• Power Supply: 5V DC regulated
• Clock Pulse Generator: Adjustable frequency, typically 1 Hz to 1 kHz
• Components Included: Basic gates, flip-flops, counters, shift registers, etc.
• Displays: LED indicators, optional seven-segment display
• Input Mechanisms: Toggle switches, push-buttons
• Size: Compact, easy-to-carry design

The Digital Electronics Trainer is an educational and training tool designed to teach the fundamentals of digital electronics. It offers a comprehensive platform for students, educators, and professionals to build, analyze, and understand digital circuits in a hands-on, safe, and structured environment. This trainer is ideal for classroom settings, technical training programs, and self-study, covering essential digital concepts such as logic gates, flip-flops, counters, multiplexers, and more.

Key Features:

1. Wide Range of Digital Components: Includes basic and advanced digital components, such as AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR gates, flip-flops, multiplexers, demultiplexers, and binary counters, making it ideal for building and testing digital circuits.

2. Modular Circuit Design: Allows for modular circuit construction, enabling users to design, modify, and test circuits with reusable components on a breadboard or patch panel.

3. Built-In Power Supply: Provides a stable, low-voltage DC power supply, usually 5V, for powering digital circuits directly from the trainer, reducing the need for external power sources.

4. Clock Pulse Generator: Comes with a clock pulse generator that provides adjustable frequencies, allowing users to test sequential circuits and timing functions.

5. LED Indicators and Seven-Segment Displays: LED indicators and optional seven-segment displays help visualize outputs, making it easier to understand circuit behavior and outcomes.

6. Switches and Push-Buttons: Toggle switches, push-buttons, and debounced switches allow users to input different values into circuits and observe real-time responses, enhancing interactivity.

7. Compatibility with Logic Analyzers: Many models offer compatibility with external logic analyzers, allowing advanced users to visualize signal changes and analyze circuit behavior in detail.

8. User-Friendly Interface: With clearly labeled components and connectors, the trainer is intuitive to use, ideal for beginners and advanced users alike.

Applications:

• Educational Institutions: Perfect for high schools, technical colleges, and universities offering courses in digital electronics, electrical engineering, and computer science.
• Self-Study for Hobbyists: Provides an accessible way for electronics enthusiasts to learn and experiment with digital circuits.
• Technical Training Programs: Essential for vocational and technical training programs focused on practical electronics skills.

Specifications:

• Power Supply: 5V DC regulated, with additional 3.3V or 12V options in some models
• Clock Pulse Generator: Adjustable frequency, typically 1 Hz to 1 MHz
• Components Included: Basic gates (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR), flip-flops, counters, multiplexers, demultiplexers, etc.
• Displays: LED indicators, optional seven-segment display
• Input Mechanisms: Toggle switches, push-buttons, debounced switches

We manufacture and supply the best quality of Full Wave Half Controlled Bridge Rectifier Trainer. Its electrical stability and compact design, makes this trainer highly demanded. Our patrons can avail the offered full wave half controlled bridge rectifier trainer in bulk quantities, as per their needs and demands.

Features:

• Sturdy construction
• Longer serving life
• Optimum functionality

• Two-isolated gate signals for Full Bridge Converter.
• Firing angle variable from 1800 to 00.
• Gated carrier source at 4 KHz.
• Soft start circuit is built-in.
• Housed in a sleek cabinet.
• Test points are provided on the front panel for detailed study of circuit signals by the student.
• Necessary test points are terminated at sockets so that the student can monitor /measure /study the
• Signals using CRO, DVM, etc.
• One Potentiometer to vary the firing angle.
• One ON/OFF switch with indicator provided to power the control circuitry so that the students can monitor
• All the test points of the control circuitry for correct functioning.
• Power Supply:
• Input: 230V 10%, 50Hz single phase AC.
• 15V DC @ 0.5A regulated output for the control circuitry.

• Two nos of SCR’s rated for 1200 volts-VAK & 25 Amps IA.
• Two diode for free wheeling.
• Each device is provided with.
• RC Snubber for dv / dt protection.
• Fuses to avoid overload.
• All the G, A, K & MT terminals are terminated on connectors to use patch cords.

• One fixed Resistive load ( Lamp Load ).
• One fixed Inductive load.
• All points are terminated at the front panel for wiring for each experiment.

* Completely self-contained stand-alone unit.

* Supply required 230V, 50Hz AC.

* Built-in D.C. Regulated ( ve & -ve) power supply for op-amp with short circuit protection and LED indication for supply “ON”.

* Demonstrates the principle & working of an Instrumentation Amplifier.

* Measurement of Common mode gain and Differential mode gain of the instrumentation amplifier.

* Measurement of CMRR of the Instrumentation amplifier.

* Test points are provided at various stages in the circuit to observe the waveforms and voltages.

* Set of patch cords.

* Housed in an elegant cabinet with a well spread intelligently designed circuit layout on the front panel.

* Strongly supported by a comprehensive instruction manual complete with theory & operating details.

1,,Measuring principle: relative method, grating benchmark
2, Resolution: 0.001 mm
3, Absolute Accuracy: ≤0.003%
4, Repeatability: ≤ 0.01%
5, Green oil and copper foil error compensation: support
6, PCB deformation error elimination: support
7, Range: 30 mm
8, Optical magnification: 50 - 360X continuous stepless zoom
9, Field of view: 10 x 7.5 - 1.2 x 0.8 mm Adjustable on demand 10, Maximum capacity: PCB 400 x 600 mm
11, Minimum measurable components: 0201,01005,0.2mm fine pitch IC, BGA / CSP
12, Illumination Color: white, green, blue and fully closed to switchable
13, Lighting source life: ≥ 100 million hours
14, Laser wavelength and power: 650nm, micro power <5mW 15, Laser life: 5 - 10 times longer than a laser with no standby function
16, Video output interface: USB
17, Video resolution: 640 x 480
18, Video total pixels: 300,000
19, Video Type: Color Image
20, Multi-production line sharing: support
21, SPC statistical functions: bad judgment, mean, standard deviation, Cpk, defect rate, distribution, trend graph, X bar-R control chart, etc.
22, Power and power: through the USB interface power supply, 2.5W small power consumption
23, Hot Plug: Support
24, Weight and shape: 60kg, W600 x D550 x H650 mm
25, Hardware: CPU: Intel P4 1.4G above 2G recommended) Memory: 256M or more recommended above 512M) Port: 1 or more COM port, 2 or more USB2.0 interface Graphics: mainstream brands, and Direct9, 32M or more memory
26, Operating system: Microsoft Windows XP

Vernier Calipers are precision measuring instruments designed for accurately gauging the dimensions of an object in multiple ways—externally, internally, in depth, and in steps. Available in both analog and digital versions, they are widely used in mechanical, engineering, and laboratory settings due to their versatility, reliability, and ease of use.

Constructed from durable stainless steel, vernier calipers resist wear and corrosion, ensuring long-term measurement accuracy. Analog versions typically feature a least count of 0.02 mm, while digital models offer finer resolution up to 0.01 mm and digital readouts for added convenience.

• Dual-type availability: Analog (manual scale) and Digital (LCD display)

• Stainless steel body for enhanced durability and corrosion resistance

• High precision measurement with least count as low as 0.02 mm

• Multi-mode functionality: Outside diameter, Inside diameter, Depth, and Step measurements

• Thumb roller for smooth, controlled sliding (select models)

• Digital versions feature instant readout and zero setting at any position

• Mechanical and precision engineering

• Tool and die manufacturing

• Quality control and inspection labs

• Automotive and aerospace industries

• Educational and training institutions

• Easy COD measurement
• Outstanding measurement quality
• Save space in your laboratory
• PC compatible
• Capable of measuring important 47 methods parameters in water

• Aesthetic design perfectly combined with ergonomics structure
• 45/0 geometrical optics structure, comply with standard
• 3.5 inch large capacitive touch screen
• Two standard observer perspectives, multiple light sources modes, a
• variety of color systems
• The repeatability is within 0.04, the errors between each instrument
• Large capacity storage, can save more than 10000 data
• Pc software with powerful extension functions
• High hardware configuration with a number of innovative technologies
• Oversized integrating sphere, more effective homogenization ray of lights and precise measurement
• 15 degree oblique angle screen, more in line with the human eye
• observation

In instruments, panels, inverters, and generators, it is required to monitor 
electrical parameters like ac voltage and current. A normal panel meter only shows the readings but does not log them. Ac voltage current loggers not only display these readings but also log them periodically. Optional alarm facilities can be provided alerting the user about abnormal situations. This can be an added advantage over normal panel meters.

Nunes Instruments , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty.

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

• Simple and robust design
• Compatible with all laryngeal masks
• Graded in cm H2O.
• Easy-to-use inflation bulb and release valve
• Large dial for optimal display
• Standard Luer connector
• The product does not contain natural rubber latex.

Pyranometers measure global irradiance: the amount of solar energy per unit area per unit time incident on a surface of specific orientation emanating from a hemispherical.

Instrumentation , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty. Why not try once?

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

• Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,
• Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,
• Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,
• Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

Study of Dielectric Constant and Curie Temperature of Ferroelectric Ceramics

Dielectric or electrical insulating material are understood as the material in which electrostic field can persist for long times. Layers of such substance are commonly inserted into capacitors to improve their perfomance, and the term dielectric refers specifically to this application. An electric field polarizes the molecules of dielectric producing concentrations of charge on its surface that create an electric field opposed (antiparallel) to that of capacitor. This reduces the electric potential. Considered in reverse, this means that, with a dielectric, a given electric potential causes the capacitor to accumulate a larger charge.

Applications

Beside the common and well known application of capacitors in electrical and electronic circuits, the capacitors with an exposed and porous dielectric can be used to measure humidity in air.

A huge leap in the research on dielectric (ferroelectric materials) came in 1950’s, leading to the wide spread use of Barium Titanate (BaTiO3-Perovskite Structure) based ceramics in capacitor applications and piezoelectric transducer devices. Since then, many other ferroelectric ceramics have been developed and utilized for variety of applications: various type of capacitors, non volatile memories in computers, etc.

Perovskite Structure

Perovskite is family name of a group of materials and the mineral name of calcium titanate (CaTiO3) having a structure of the type ABO3 (Fig 1)

A practical advantage of perovskite structure is that many different cations can be substituted on both A and B sites without changing the over all structure. Even though two cations are compatible in solution, their behaviour can be radically different when apart from each other. Thus it is possible to manipulate material’s properties such as Curie temperature or dielectric constant with only a small substitution of given cation.

All ferroelectric material have a transition called the Curie point (Tc). At T>Tc, the crystal does not exhibit ferroelectricity, while for T

Fig 2 shows the variation of dielectric constant (e) with temperature for Lanthanum doped Lead Zirconate Titanate (PLZT) ceramic, which is cooled from its paraelectric cubic phase to ferroelectric rhombohedral phase.

Instrumentation , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty. Why not try once?

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

• Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,
• Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,
• Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,
• Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

1. Vernier Caliper [L.C. 0.02MM/0.001"]
2.  Dial Caliper [L.C 0.02MM]
3.  Digimatic Caliper [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.0005"]
4.  Long Jaw Caliper [L.C. 0.02MM/ 0.001"]
5.  Digimatic Caliper [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.0005"]
6.  Digimatic Inside Groove Caliper [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.005"]
7.  Digimatic Outside Groove Caliper [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.000"]
8.  Vernier Depth Gauge [L.C. 0.02MM]
9.  Digimatic Depth Gauge [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.0005"]
10.  Pistol Caliper
11.  Inside Groove Caliper
12.  Inside &  Outside Diameter Gauge

Instrumentation , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty. Why not try once?

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

• Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,
• Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,
• Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,
• Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

1. Vernier Caliper [L.C. 0.02MM/0.001"]
2.  Dial Caliper [L.C 0.02MM]
3.  Digimatic Caliper [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.0005"]
4.  Long Jaw Caliper [L.C. 0.02MM/ 0.001"]
5.  Digimatic Caliper [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.0005"]
6.  Digimatic Inside Groove Caliper [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.005"]
7.  Digimatic Outside Groove Caliper [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.000"]
8.  Vernier Depth Gauge [L.C. 0.02MM]
9.  Digimatic Depth Gauge [L.C. 0.01MM/ 0.0005"]
10.  Pistol Caliper
11.  Inside Groove Caliper
12.  Inside &  Outside Diameter Gauge

Instrumentation , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty. Why not try once?

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

• Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,
• Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,
• Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,
• Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

Instrumentation , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty. Why not try once?

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

• Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,
• Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,
• Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,
• Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

Our company has been widely engaged in offering our clients with a highly qualitative range of CAD CAM Lab Equipment. This range has been in wide demand due to its reliable surety and handiness. We are offering these equipments to our customers in the most comprehensive range. Our clients can avail these from us in the required quantity and we assure them of an on time deliver as well.

Some of its specifications are listed below:

• CNC Lathe Trainer, CNC Mill Trainer
• 5 Axis Robotic Arm, Flexible Manufacturing Systems
• Simulation Software for CNC Lathe, CNC Mill, Robotics

Instrumentation , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty. Why not try once?

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

• Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,
• Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,
• Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,
• Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

• AC High Voltage Test Set for various capacities from 3kV to 200kV voltage output and leakage current output from 0 to any range required.

• These sets are suitable for applied voltage tests on transformers, motors, gloves bushing and many other electrical equipments and insulating materials and components.
• The sets are capable of giving continuously variable control of High Voltage from zero to maximum rated output voltage and maintaining pressure at the desired level by supplying the charging current necessary for the capacity of the equipment under test.
• Generally available in one unit and sets for higher output voltage are available in two units.
• However, in case if required sets in more than two units can also be manufactured.
• Input : 230V or 415V AC 50Hz (Any one) (generally 230V is provided for sets up to 15 KVA Capacity) C or AC/DC combined, at the time of placing the order. Output : Continuously variable between 0 to maximum rated output voltage.
• Max Capacity : AC HV unit are spread over a wide voltage and current and voltage range from 2KV to 200kV having capacity from several VA to several hundred KVA. However the KV rating might go beyond 200kV if required by the customer
• Duty Cycle : Unless specified the test sets are made for intermittent duty cycle of 10 mins ON and 15 mins OFF
• AC and DC combined high voltage sets are also available
• Please inform the kV rating, leakage current rating and also inform whether the test set is A

Instrumentation , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty. Why not try once?

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

• Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,
• Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,
• Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,
• Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

Nunes Instruments , is  in the field of Instrumentation Sales Service & Repairs with 40 years of experience.  We provide service & repairs to your old high precision instruments and equipment.  We provide cost effective service & Repair to any brand, any make instruments  with service warranty. W hy not try once?

Instruments of Any Type, Any Make, Analog/Digital, Any Condition  Indian or  Imported

Laboratory Instrument, Test Equipment,

Scientific, Measuring, Precision Instrument,

Analytical, Bio Medical, Survey, Electrical,

Electronic Instruments ,Weather, Metrology.

A glass perforator is a specialized tool designed for creating precise holes or perforations in glass materials. It is commonly used in various industries, including construction, automotive, and decorative glasswork. The perforator typically features a high-speed rotating tip made of durable materials like tungsten carbide or diamond to ensure clean, accurate holes without cracking or shattering the glass

Feature :
Precision: The glass perforator ensures clean, smooth holes with minimal breakage, ideal for both thin and thick glass.
Durable Construction: Made with hardened tips such as tungsten carbide or diamond, offering long-lasting performance even with frequent use.
Easy Operation: Designed for ease of use, allowing operators to achieve consistent results without the need for complex setups. Versatile: Suitable for a variety of glass types, including tempered, laminated, and regular glass, making it a versatile tool for different applications.
Safety Features: Some models include safety mechanisms to reduce the risk of slipping or excessive force, ensuring safe operation during use.